Josephine Butler

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Standard Name: Butler, Josephine
Birth Name: Josephine Elizabeth Grey
Married Name: Josephine Elizabeth Butler
Used Form: an English mother
Used Form: the author of the Memoir of John Grey of Dilston
Social reformer JB is primarily remembered for her unrelenting efforts in the campaign against the Contagious Diseases Acts during the second half of the nineteenth century. She was both a gifted orator and a prolific writer on the many causes she espoused. Author of nearly forty pamphlets, she also composed books of political and personal writings: essays, biographies of people whose lives influenced her own, and an autobiography. Almost all of her writings address questions of social and political import—the repeal campaign, the double sexual standard, women's rights, and religious issues.
Petrie, Glen. A Singular Iniquity: The Campaigns of Josephine Butler. Macmillan.
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Connections

Connections Author name Sort descending Excerpt
Family and Intimate relationships Annie Besant
AB 's husband took up a post as an assistant mathematics master at Cheltenham College , a public school for boys in Gloucestershire.
Josephine Butler had moved from Cheltenham just before AB 's arrival.
Taylor, Anne. Annie Besant: A Biography. Oxford University Press.
29
Taylor, Anne. Annie Besant: A Biography. Oxford University Press.
28-9
Anthologization Jessie Boucherett
JB 's essay How to Provide for Superfluous Women appeared in Josephine Butler 's Woman's Work and Woman's Culture.
Hays, Frances. Women of the Day. Chatto and Windus.
26
Friends, Associates Jessie Boucherett
Partly through her membership of the Kensington Society (a social and political discussion group of about fifty women inaugurated in 1865), JB broadened her acquaintance with significant members of the feminist movement, including Frances Power Cobbe
Publishing Jessie Boucherett
It was no doubt in connection with this essay that JB also contributed, in July this year, another, entitled Employment of Women, to Josephine Butler 's short-lived periodical Now-a-Days.
politics Laura Ormiston Chant
In addition to her other political activities, Chant was heavily involved in the activities of the National Vigilance Association . She edited its journal, the Vigilance Record, and took a leading role (alongside Millicent Garrett Fawcett
Friends, Associates Frances Power Cobbe
Textual Features Frances Power Cobbe
The theoretical essay with which FPC headed Josephine Butler 's landmark collection Woman's Work and Woman's Culture, 1869, launches out with wit: Of all the theories current concerning women, none is more curious than...
Reception Frances Power Cobbe
FPC 's importance to her contemporaries is most readily recalled today by the fact that Matthew Arnold thought her a worthy target of his corrective wisdom in The Function of Criticism at the Present Time...
Textual Production Millicent Garrett Fawcett
MGF collaborated with E. M. Turner in a biography entitled Josephine Butler : Her Work and Principles, and Their Meaning for the Twentieth Century, to celebrate the centenary of Butler's birth the next year.
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.
Oakley, Ann et al. “Millicent Garrett Fawcett: Duty and Determination”. Feminist Theorists, edited by Dale Spender, Reprint, Pantheon Books, pp. 184-02.
193
Strachey, Ray. Millicent Garrett Fawcett. J. Murray.
343
Friends, Associates Millicent Garrett Fawcett
Through this work MGF met Josephine Butler , whom she greatly admired.
Family and Intimate relationships Isabella Ormston Ford
Emily, born five years ahead of Isabella in 1850, attended the Slade School of Art in the late 1870s and became a painter well-known in the Leeds community. Like IOF , she also became a...
Friends, Associates Isabella Ormston Ford
Through her mother's connection with the women's movement of the mid-Victorian period, IOF met Millicent Garrett Fawcett and her sister Agnes Garrett , with whom Isabella and her sister Bessie became close friends and correspondents...
Theme or Topic Treated in Text Margaret Forster
For subjects of particular chapters she chooses Caroline Norton , Elizabeth Blackwell , Florence Nightingale , Josephine Butler , Elizabeth Cady Stanton , Margaret Sanger , and Emma Goldman , selected this time not for...
Education Sarah Grand
Her attendance was made possible by a bequest left to her by a great-aunt.
Grand, Sarah. “Introduction; Chronology”. Sex, Social Purity and Sarah Grand: Volume 2, edited by Stephanie Forward, Routledge, pp. 1 - 12; 13.
13
SG was not happy at either school, and she describes her experience there as one of deadly dulness.
Grand, Sarah. Sex, Social Purity and Sarah Grand: Volume 1. Editor Heilmann, Ann, Routledge.
194
politics Sarah Grand
From the time she was fifteen, SG had supported Josephine Butler 's crusade against the Contagious Diseases Acts of 1864, 1866, and 1869. (She admired Butler but never met her.) The medical knowledge SG gleaned...

Timeline

1866: Anne Jemima Clough and Josephine Butler founded...

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1866

Anne Jemima Clough and Josephine Butler founded the Liverpool Ladies' Educational Society to provide a serious course of lectures for women.

1867: The Liverpool Ladies' Educational Society...

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1868: Anne Jemima Clough organised Lectures for...

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1868

Anne Jemima Clough organised Lectures for Ladies throughout Northern England.

January 1869: The Kettledrum: The Woman's Signal for Action,...

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January 1869

The Kettledrum: The Woman's Signal for Action, a feminist magazine, began publication in London by merger with Woman's World.

June 1869: The Kettledrum: The Woman's Signal for Action...

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June 1869

The Kettledrum: The Woman's Signal for Action ended publication in London in its current form.

December 1869: The Ladies' National Association for the...

National or international item

December 1869

The Ladies' National Association for the Repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts was formed as part of the movement to repeal the Contagious Diseases Acts.

31 December 1869: The Daily News published the Ladies' Protest,...

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31 December 1869

The Daily News published the Ladies' Protest, a document signed by 124 women which outlined their arguments for the repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts.

1870: The National Association for the Promotion...

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1870

The National Association for the Promotion of Social Purity was founded to ensure purity as the law of individual and social life.
Hunt, Alan. Governing Morals: A Social History of Moral Regulation. Cambridge University Press.
157

26 February 1870: Josephine Butler wrote to the Dover News...

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26 February 1870

Josephine Butler wrote to the Dover News complaining of a conspiracy of silence
Walkowitz, Judith R. ’We Are Not Beasts of the Field’: Prostitution and the Campaign Against the Contagious Diseases Acts, 1869-1886. University of Rochester.
117
emanating from London papers regarding the controversial Contagious Diseases Acts.

7 March 1870: The Shield, Josephine Butler's periodical...

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7 March 1870

The Shield, Josephine Butler 's periodical organ of the anti-Contagious Diseases Act forces, began publication in South Shields.

1871: The Ladies' National Association for the...

National or international item

1871

The Ladies' National Association for the Repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts had 57 branches and 811 subscribing members in this year.

From March 1871: The Vigilance Association for the Defence...

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From March 1871

The Vigilance Association for the Defence of Personal Rights, especially in relation to Women , founded this month, advocated equality of legal treatment for citizens regardless of sex or class.

1872: Samuel Butler anonymously published, at his...

Writing climate item

1872

Samuel Butler anonymously published, at his own expense, his satiricalnovelErewhon.

: Female Contagious Diseases Acts repealers...

National or international item

Autumn1872

Female Contagious Diseases Acts repealers were attacked in Pontefract, as they held a meeting to organize electoral lobbying.

1873: The National Association for the Promotion...

Building item

1873

The National Association for the Promotion of Social Purity (founded in 1870) was reborn as the Social Purity Alliance under the direction of Josephine Butler .

Texts

Butler, Josephine. A Letter to the Mothers of England. 1881.
Butler, Josephine. “A Letter to the Mothers of England”. The Campaigners: Women and Sexuality, edited by Marie Mulvey Roberts and Tamae Mizuta, Routledge/Thoemmes Press, 1994.
Butler, Josephine. An Appeal to the People of England on the Recognition and Superintendence of Prostitution by Governments. Frederick Banks, 1870.
Butler, Josephine. “An Appeal to the People of England on the Recognition and Superintendence of Prostitution by Governments”. The Sexuality Debates, edited by Sheila Jeffreys and Sheila Jeffreys, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1987, pp. 111-50.
Butler, Josephine. Catharine of Siena. Dyer Brothers, 1878.
Wedgwood, Julia. “Female Suffrage, Considered Chiefly with Regard to its Indirect Results”. Women’s Work and Women’s Culture, edited by Josephine Butler, Macmillan, 1869.
Butler, Josephine. Government by Police. Dyer Brothers, 1879.
Boucherett, Jessie. “How to Provide for Superfluous Women”. Woman’s Work and Woman’s Culture, edited by Josephine Butler, Macmillan, 1869, pp. 27-48.
Butler, Josephine. In Memoriam: Harriet Meuricoffre. Marshall and Son, 1901.
Butler, Josephine, and James Stuart. Josephine E. Butler: An Autobiographical Memoir. Editors Johnson, George W. and Lucy A. Johnson, J. W. Arrowsmith, 1909.
Butler, Josephine, and James Stuart. Josephine E. Butler: An Autobiographical Memoir. Editors Johnson, George W. and Lucy A. Johnson, J. W. Arrowsmith, 1928.
Butler, Josephine. Legislative Restrictions on the Industry of Women. Matthews and Sons, 1874.
Jex-Blake, Sophia. “Medicine as a Profession for Women”. Woman’s Work and Woman’s Culture, edited by Josephine Butler, Macmillan, 1869, pp. 78-120.
Butler, Josephine. Memoir of John Grey of Dilston. Edmonston and Douglas, 1869.
Butler, Josephine. Mrs. Butler’s Appeal to the Women of America. The Philanthropist, 1888.
Butler, Josephine. Native Races and the War. Gay and Bird, 1900.
Butler, Josephine. “Native Races and the War, 1900”. Indiana University: Victorian Women Writers Project.
Butler, Josephine, editor. Now-a-Days.
Butler, Josephine. Our Christianity Tested by the Irish Question. T. Fisher Unwin, 1887.
Butler, Josephine. Personal Reminiscences of a Great Crusade. H. Marshall and Son, 1896.
Butler, Josephine. Personal Reminiscences of a Great Crusade. Hyperion Press, 1989.
Butler, Josephine. Personal Reminiscences of a Great Crusade. Cambridge University Press, 2010, http://www.cambridge.org/series/sSeries.asp?code=CLOR.
Stuart, James et al. “Preface and Editorial Materials”. Josephine E. Butler: An Autobiographical Memoir, edited by George W. Johnson and Lucy A. Johnson, J. W. Arrowsmith, 1928, p. v - vii; various pages.
Butler, Josephine. “Prefatory Biographical Note”. Personal Reminiscences of a Great Crusade, Hyperion Press, 1989, p. xi - xvi.
Butler, Josephine. Rebecca Jarrett. Morgan and Scott, 1885.